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Academic: based on theory and not intended for practical use.
Accidental: Accidental:An added sharp, flat, double-sharp, double-flat or natural that changes a normal note, interval, or chord. An accidental may be used to confirm the status of a note that has been previously altered, or is part of the key signature. Accidentals remain in effect for the entire measure for the line or space upon which it is written
Adagio: ad+agio, at ease
Ad libitum: (Lat) ‘ad lib’, at liberty, i.e. do as you like
Augmented: to make larger. An augmented interval is a half-step larger than a normal interval, with a recommended identifier, ‘#’; ‘#4’ for an ‘augmented-forth’, etc. A normal interval, major or perfect, may be made a half-step larger by raising the upper note a half-step, or lowering the lower note a half-step.
Altered:notes, scales, intervals, chords that contain accidentals that are not in agreement with the parent or prevailing signature.
Analysis:
- Academic analysis: based on theory.
- Pragmatic analysis: based upon the music at hand.
- Functional analysis: based upon positions of notes and chords using Arabic or Roman numerals; 1-2-3, etc. and I-II-III, etc.
- Identity analysis: based on the unique quality of sound of intervals and chords using letters or symbols; M, m, x, Ø, and o. The symbol, ‘x’ is the correct identifier for the dominant, and not ‘V7’. The numbers, ‘V7’ are functions and have nothing to do with identity …nothing whatever.
- Intervallic analysis: the analysis of intervals, characteristic intervals, melodic intervals, and functional intervals.
Andante:fr andare, to go, to walk leisurely
Andantino:dim, i.e. not so slow
Allegro:cheerful, lively, up-beat
Appoggiatura:(It.). A shorter note that ‘leans’ or moves to another note
Arabesque:A piece of music with characteristic passages imitating with music, Arabian designs.
Aria:(It.). Air. In music, a ‘tune’, or separate section of an opera especially for a singer.
Augmented-Six Chord:A misnomer since an augmented-six is an interval, not a chord. However, a dominant spelled with either an augmented sixth or a minor seventh, is either way a dominant (x).
